| Host: |
Rabbit |
| Applications: |
WB/IHC/IF |
| Reactivity: |
Human/Mouse/Rat |
| Note: |
STRICTLY FOR FURTHER SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH USE ONLY (RUO). MUST NOT TO BE USED IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS. |
| Short Description: |
Rabbit polyclonal antibody anti-PKM (11-221) is suitable for use in Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence research applications. |
| Clonality: |
Polyclonal |
| Conjugation: |
Unconjugated |
| Isotype: |
IgG |
| Formulation: |
PBS with 0.01% Thimerosal, 50% Glycerol, pH7.3. |
| Purification: |
Affinity purification |
| Dilution Range: |
WB 1:500-1:1000IHC-P 1:50-1:200IF/ICC 1:50-1:200 |
| Storage Instruction: |
Store at-20°C for up to 1 year from the date of receipt, and avoid repeat freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Gene Symbol: |
PKM |
| Gene ID: |
5315 |
| Uniprot ID: |
KPYM_HUMAN |
| Immunogen Region: |
11-221 |
| Immunogen: |
Recombinant fusion protein containing a sequence corresponding to amino acids 11-221 of PKM (NP_001193728.1). |
| Immunogen Sequence: |
SEAGTAFIQTQQLHAAMADT FLEHMCRLDIDSPPITARNT GIICTIGPASRSVETLKEMI KSGMNVARLNFSHGTHEYHA ETIKNVRTATESFASDPILY RPVAVALDTKGPEIRTGLIK GSGTAEVELKKGATLKITLD NAYMEKCDENILWLDYKNIC KVVEVGSKIYVDDGLISLQV KQKGADFLVTEVENGGSLGS KKGVNLPGAAV |
| Tissue Specificity | Isoform M2: Specifically expressed in proliferating cells, such as embryonic stem cells, embryonic carcinoma cells, as well as cancer cells. Isoform M1: Expressed in adult tissues. Not expressed in tumor cells. |
| Post Translational Modifications | ISGylated. Under hypoxia, hydroxylated by EGLN3. Acetylation at Lys-305 is stimulated by high glucose concentration, it decreases enzyme activity and promotes its lysosomal-dependent degradation via chaperone-mediated autophagy. Isoform M2: Acetylated at Lys-433 by EP300, leading to impair phosphoenolpyruvate substrate-binding and promote its homodimerization and subsequent translocation to the nucleus. Deacetylation at Lys-433 by SIRT6 promotes its nuclear export into the cytoplasm, leading to suppress its nuclear localization and oncogenic function. FGFR1-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation is reduced by interaction with TRIM35. |
| Function | Catalyzes the final rate-limiting step of glycolysis by mediating the transfer of a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to ADP, generating ATP. The ratio between the highly active tetrameric form and nearly inactive dimeric form determines whether glucose carbons are channeled to biosynthetic processes or used for glycolytic ATP production. The transition between the 2 forms contributes to the control of glycolysis and is important for tumor cell proliferation and survival. Isoform M2: Isoform specifically expressed during embryogenesis that has low pyruvate kinase activity by itself and requires allosteric activation by D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) for pyruvate kinase activity. In addition to its pyruvate kinase activity in the cytoplasm, also acts as a regulator of transcription in the nucleus by acting as a protein kinase. Translocates into the nucleus in response to various signals, such as EGF receptor activation, and homodimerizes, leading to its conversion into a protein threonine- and tyrosine-protein kinase. Catalyzes phosphorylation of STAT3 at 'Tyr-705' and histone H3 at 'Thr-11' (H3T11ph), leading to activate transcription. Its ability to activate transcription plays a role in cancer cells by promoting cell proliferation and promote tumorigenesis. Promotes the expression of the immune checkpoint protein CD274 in BMAL1-deficient macrophages. May also act as a translation regulator for a subset of mRNAs, independently of its pyruvate kinase activity: associates with subpools of endoplasmic reticulum-associated ribosomes, binds directly to the mRNAs translated at the endoplasmic reticulum and promotes translation of these endoplasmic reticulum-destined mRNAs. Plays a role in caspase independent cell death of tumor cells. Isoform M1: Pyruvate kinase isoform expressed in adult tissues, which replaces isoform M2 after birth. In contrast to isoform M2, has high pyruvate kinase activity by itself and does not require allosteric activation by D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP) for activity. |
| Protein Name | Pyruvate Kinase PkmCytosolic Thyroid Hormone-Binding ProteinCthbpOpa-Interacting Protein 3Oip-3Pyruvate Kinase 2/3Pyruvate Kinase Muscle IsozymeThreonine-Protein Kinase Pkm2Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein 1Thbp1Tumor M2-PkTyrosine-Protein Kinase Pkm2P58 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-6798695Reactome: R-HSA-70171 |
| Cellular Localisation | Isoform M2: CytoplasmNucleusTranslocates To The Nucleus In Response To Various SignalsSuch As Egf Receptor Activation Or Apoptotic StimuliNuclear Translocation Is Promoted By Acetylation By Ep300Deacetylation By Sirt6 Promotes Its Nuclear Export In A Process Dependent Of Xpo4Thereby Suppressing Its Ability To Activate Transcription And Promote TumorigenesisIsoform M1: Cytoplasm |
| Alternative Antibody Names | Anti-Pyruvate Kinase Pkm antibodyAnti-Cytosolic Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein antibodyAnti-Cthbp antibodyAnti-Opa-Interacting Protein 3 antibodyAnti-Oip-3 antibodyAnti-Pyruvate Kinase 2/3 antibodyAnti-Pyruvate Kinase Muscle Isozyme antibodyAnti-Threonine-Protein Kinase Pkm2 antibodyAnti-Thyroid Hormone-Binding Protein 1 antibodyAnti-Thbp1 antibodyAnti-Tumor M2-Pk antibodyAnti-Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Pkm2 antibodyAnti-P58 antibodyAnti-PKM antibodyAnti-OIP3 antibodyAnti-PK2 antibodyAnti-PK3 antibodyAnti-PKM2 antibody |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
12 months for antibodies. 6 months for ELISA Kits. Please see website T&Cs for further guidance
