| Tissue Specificity | Highly expressed in prostate epithelium. Detected in urinary bladder, kidney, testis, ovary, fallopian tube, breast, adrenal gland, liver, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon and brain (at protein level). Detected in the small intestine, brain, kidney, liver, spleen, colon, trachea, spinal cord and the capillary endothelium of a variety of tumors. Expressed specifically in jejunum brush border membranes. In the brain, highly expressed in the ventral striatum and brain stem. Also expressed in fetal liver and kidney. Isoform PSMA' is the most abundant form in normal prostate. Isoform PSMA-1 is the most abundant form in primary prostate tumors. Isoform PSMA-9 is specifically expressed in prostate cancer. |
| Post Translational Modifications | The first two amino acids at the N-terminus of isoform PSMA' appear to be cleaved by limited proteolysis. The N-terminus is blocked. |
| Function | Has both folate hydrolase and N-acetylated-alpha-linked-acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) activity. Has a preference for tri-alpha-glutamate peptides. In the intestine, required for the uptake of folate. In the brain, modulates excitatory neurotransmission through the hydrolysis of the neuropeptide, N-aceylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), thereby releasing glutamate. Involved in prostate tumor progression. Also exhibits a dipeptidyl-peptidase IV type activity. In vitro, cleaves Gly-Pro-AMC. |
| Protein Name | Glutamate Carboxypeptidase 2Cell Growth-Inhibiting Gene 27 ProteinFolate Hydrolase 1Folylpoly-Gamma-Glutamate CarboxypeptidaseFgcpGlutamate Carboxypeptidase IiGcpiiMembrane Glutamate CarboxypeptidaseMgcpN-Acetylated-Alpha-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase INaaladase IProstate-Specific Membrane AntigenPsmPsmaPteroylpoly-Gamma-Glutamate Carboxypeptidase |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-8963693 |
| Cellular Localisation | Cell MembraneSingle-Pass Type Ii Membrane ProteinIsoform Psma': Cytoplasm |
| Alternative Protein Names | Glutamate Carboxypeptidase 2 proteinCell Growth-Inhibiting Gene 27 Protein proteinFolate Hydrolase 1 proteinFolylpoly-Gamma-Glutamate Carboxypeptidase proteinFgcp proteinGlutamate Carboxypeptidase Ii proteinGcpii proteinMembrane Glutamate Carboxypeptidase proteinMgcp proteinN-Acetylated-Alpha-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase I proteinNaaladase I proteinProstate-Specific Membrane Antigen proteinPsm proteinPsma proteinPteroylpoly-Gamma-Glutamate Carboxypeptidase proteinFOLH1 proteinFOLH proteinNAALAD1 proteinPSM proteinPSMA proteinGIG27 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
