| Function | Electrogenic antiporter that exchanges one cationic monoamine with two intravesicular protons across the membrane of secretory and synaptic vesicles. Uses the electrochemical proton gradient established by the V-type proton-pump ATPase to accumulate high concentrations of monoamines inside the vesicles prior to their release via exocytosis. Transports a variety of catecholamines such as dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline, histamine, and indolamines such as serotonin. Regulates the transvesicular monoaminergic gradient that determines the quantal size. Mediates somatodendritic dopamine release in hippocampal neurons, likely as part of a regulated secretory pathway that integrates retrograde synaptic signals. Acts as a primary transporter for striatal dopamine loading ensuring impulse-dependent release of dopamine at the synaptic cleft. Responsible for histamine and serotonin storage and subsequent corelease from mast cell granules. |
| Protein Name | Synaptic Vesicular Amine TransporterSolute Carrier Family 18 Member 2Vesicular Amine Transporter 2Vat2Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-181429Reactome: R-HSA-181430Reactome: R-HSA-212676Reactome: R-HSA-442660 |
| Cellular Localisation | Cytoplasmic VesicleSecretory VesicleSynaptic Vesicle MembraneMulti-Pass Membrane ProteinSecretory Vesicle MembraneCell ProjectionAxonDendriteSorted To Large Dense Core Granules In Neuroendocrine CellsPresumably At The Level Of The Trans-Golgi NetworkIn Neurons It Is Predominantly Detected In Somatodendritic Tubulovesicular MembranesA Distinct Population Of Secretory Vesicles That Undergo Calcium-Dependent Exocytosis In Axons And Dendrites Upon DepolarizationLocalized At Synaptic Vesicles In Axons |
| Alternative Protein Names | Synaptic Vesicular Amine Transporter proteinSolute Carrier Family 18 Member 2 proteinVesicular Amine Transporter 2 proteinVat2 proteinVesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 proteinSLC18A2 proteinSVMT proteinVMAT2 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
