| Post Translational Modifications | Phosphorylated at Ser-886 by CDK5. Phosphorylated at Ser-999 by RPS6KB1.triggers EPRS1 release from the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex. In monocytes, the IFN-gamma-induced sequential phosphorylation at Ser-886 and Ser-999 releases EPRS1 from the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex, allowing its association with the GAIT complex. Phosphorylation at Ser-999 is specifically required for the RPL13A-mediated interaction of the GAIT complex with eIF4G. Phosphorylation at Ser-999 by RPS6KB1, is also induced by insulin through activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway and promotes the interaction of EPRS1 with SLC27A1. |
| Function | Multifunctional protein which primarily functions within the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex, also known as multisynthetase complex. Within the complex it catalyzes the attachment of both L-glutamate and L-proline to their cognate tRNAs in a two-step reaction where the amino acid is first activated by ATP to form a covalent intermediate with AMP. Subsequently, the activated amino acid is transferred to the acceptor end of the cognate tRNA to form L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) and L-prolyl-tRNA(Pro). Upon interferon-gamma stimulation, EPRS1 undergoes phosphorylation, causing its dissociation from the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex. It is recruited to form the GAIT complex, which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements found in the 3'-UTR of various inflammatory mRNAs, such as ceruloplasmin. The GAIT complex inhibits the translation of these mRNAs, allowing interferon-gamma to redirect the function of EPRS1 from protein synthesis to translation inhibition in specific cell contexts. Furthermore, it can function as a downstream effector in the mTORC1 signaling pathway, by promoting the translocation of SLC27A1 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane where it mediates the uptake of long-chain fatty acid by adipocytes. Thereby, EPRS1 also plays a role in fat metabolism and more indirectly influences lifespan. |
| Protein Name | Bifunctional Glutamate/Proline--Trna LigaseBifunctional Aminoacyl-Trna SynthetaseCell Proliferation-Inducing Gene 32 ProteinGlutamatyl-Prolyl-Trna Synthetase Includes - Glutamate--Trna LigaseGlutamyl-Trna SynthetaseGlurs - Proline--Trna LigaseProlyl-Trna Synthetase |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-2408522Reactome: R-HSA-379716Reactome: R-HSA-6782315Reactome: R-HSA-9856649 |
| Cellular Localisation | CytoplasmCytosolMembranePeripheral Membrane ProteinTranslocates From Cytosol To Membranes Upon Phosphorylation At Ser-999 |
| Alternative Antibody Names | Anti-Bifunctional Glutamate/Proline--Trna Ligase antibodyAnti-Bifunctional Aminoacyl-Trna Synthetase antibodyAnti-Cell Proliferation-Inducing Gene 32 Protein antibodyAnti-Glutamatyl-Prolyl-Trna Synthetase Includes - Glutamate--Trna Ligase antibodyAnti-Glutamyl-Trna Synthetase antibodyAnti-Glurs - Proline--Trna Ligase antibodyAnti-Prolyl-Trna Synthetase antibodyAnti-EPRS1 antibodyAnti-EPRS antibodyAnti-GLNS antibodyAnti-PARS antibodyAnti-QARS antibodyAnti-QPRS antibodyAnti-PIG32 antibody |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
