![Immunohistochemistry in macrophages/microglia 14ย days postinjury (dpi) in wild-type mice for (c) PD-1, (d) it NA s ligand, PD-L1, and (e) PD-1 in M1 cells [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) +]; (f) PD-1 in M2 cells [arginase 1 (Arg1+) ]; (g) PD-L1 in M1 cells (iNOS+) ; and (h) PD-L1 in M2 cells (Arg1+).](https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-zso2xnchw9/images/stencil/124x110/products/151436/345366/STJP000698_2__26215.1679324733.jpg?c=1 "Immunohistochemistry in macrophages/microglia 14ย days postinjury (dpi) in wild-type mice for (c) PD-1, (d) it NA s ligand, PD-L1, and (e) PD-1 in M1 cells [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) +]; (f) PD-1 in M2 cells [arginase 1 (Arg1+) ]; (g) PD-L1 in M1 cells (iNOS+) ; and (h) PD-L1 in M2 cells (Arg1+).")
![Immunohistochemistry in macrophages/microglia 14ย days postinjury (dpi) in wild-type mice for (c) PD-1, (d) it NA s ligand, PD-L1, and (e) PD-1 in M1 cells [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) +]; (f) PD-1 in M2 cells [arginase 1 (Arg1+) ]; (g) PD-L1 in M1 cells (iNOS+) ; and (h) PD-L1 in M2 cells (Arg1+).](https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-zso2xnchw9/images/stencil/124x110/products/151436/345367/STJP000698_3__21887.1679324734.jpg?c=1 "Immunohistochemistry in macrophages/microglia 14ย days postinjury (dpi) in wild-type mice for (c) PD-1, (d) it NA s ligand, PD-L1, and (e) PD-1 in M1 cells [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) +]; (f) PD-1 in M2 cells [arginase 1 (Arg1+) ]; (g) PD-L1 in M1 cells (iNOS+) ; and (h) PD-L1 in M2 cells (Arg1+).")
Human PD-L1 (B7-H1) protein (Recombinant) (STJP000698)
SPECIFICATIONS
HostHEK293
ConjugationUnconjugated
ImmunogenOptimized DNA sequence encoding extracellular domain of Human Programmed Death Ligand 1, PD-L1, (PHE19-ARG238) including a C-terminal His tag was expressed in HEK293 cells. NA
General Information
| Short Description | Recombinant-Human PD-L1 (B7-H1)-protein was developed from hek293. For use in research applications. |
| Host | HEK293 |
| Note | STRICTLY FOR FURTHER RESEARCH USE ONLY (RUO). MUST NOT TO BE USED IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS. |
Product Properties
| Conjugation | Unconjugated |
| Formulation | Lyophilised from 0.2 Mu m filtered PBS solution, pH7.2, 5% Trehalose. |
| Storage Instruction | Can be stored in working aliquots at 2ยฐC-8ยฐC C for one month, or at-20ยฐC to-70ยฐC for 1 year. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles. NA |
| Endotoxin | Endotoxin content was assayed using a LAL gel clot method. Endotoxin level was found to be less than 0.1 ng/ยตg (1EU/ยตg). NA |
| Immunoreactivity | The activity was tested by the ability of immobilized recombinant Human PD-L1 to bind recombinant human PD1 within a linear range of 1-10ug/ml in ELISA. NA |
Target Information
| Gene Symbol | Cd274 |
| Gene ID | 60533 |
| Uniprot ID | PD1L1_MOUSE |
| Immunogen | Optimized DNA sequence encoding extracellular domain of Human Programmed Death Ligand 1, PD-L1, (PHE19-ARG238) including a C-terminal His tag was expressed in HEK293 cells. NA |
| Immunogen Region | PHE19-ARG238 |
Additional Info
| Tissue Specificity | Highly expressed in the heart, thymus, skeletal muscle, and lung. Weakly expressed in the kidney, spleen, thyroid, and liver. Expressed on activated dendritic cells, B-cells and macrophages. Expressed in numerous tumor cells lines of lymphoid origin. |
| Post Translational Modifications | Ubiquitinated.STUB1 likely mediates polyubiquitination of PD-L1/CD274 triggering its degradation. Ubiquitinated by MARCHF8.leading to degradation. Deubiquitinated by USP22.leading to stabilization. |
| Function | Plays a critical role in induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self. As a ligand for the inhibitory receptor PDCD1/PD-1, modulates the activation threshold of T-cells and limits T-cell effector response. Through a yet unknown activating receptor, may costimulate T-cell subsets that predominantly produce interleukin-10 (IL10). The PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway is exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape destruction by the immune system, thereby facilitating tumor survival. The interaction with PDCD1/PD-1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function. The blockage of the PDCD1-mediated pathway results in the reversal of the exhausted T-cell phenotype and the normalization of the anti-tumor response, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy. |
| Protein Name | Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 1Pd-L1Pdcd1 Ligand 1Programmed Death Ligand 1B7 Homolog 1B7-H1Cd Antigen Cd274 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-MMU-389948 |
| Cellular Localisation | Cell MembraneSingle-Pass Type I Membrane ProteinEarly Endosome MembraneRecycling Endosome Membrane |
| Alternative Protein Names | Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 1 proteinPd-L1 proteinPdcd1 Ligand 1 proteinProgrammed Death Ligand 1 proteinB7 Homolog 1 proteinB7-H1 proteinCd Antigen Cd274 proteinCd274 proteinB7h1 proteinPdcd1l1 proteinPdcd1lg1 proteinPdl1 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org