| Tissue Specificity | Expressed in testes, pancreas, small intestine, lung and kidney. Abundant in macrophages, also present in neutrophils, CD4+ T-cells, and endothelial cells. |
| Post Translational Modifications | Dually phosphorylated on Thr-180 and Tyr-182 by MAP2K3/MKK3, MAP2K4/MKK4, MAP2K6/MKK6 and MAP2K7/MKK7, which activates the enzyme. Dephosphorylated by dual specificity phosphatase DUSP1. |
| Function | Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK13 is one of the four p38 MAPKs which play an important role in the cascades of cellular responses evoked by extracellular stimuli such as pro-inflammatory cytokines or physical stress leading to direct activation of transcription factors such as ELK1 and ATF2. Accordingly, p38 MAPKs phosphorylate a broad range of proteins and it has been estimated that they may have approximately 200 to 300 substrates each. MAPK13 is one of the less studied p38 MAPK isoforms. Some of the targets are downstream kinases such as MAPKAPK2, which are activated through phosphorylation and further phosphorylate additional targets. Plays a role in the regulation of protein translation by phosphorylating and inactivating EEF2K. Involved in cytoskeletal remodeling through phosphorylation of MAPT and STMN1. Mediates UV irradiation induced up-regulation of the gene expression of CXCL14. Plays an important role in the regulation of epidermal keratinocyte differentiation, apoptosis and skin tumor development. Phosphorylates the transcriptional activator MYB in response to stress which leads to rapid MYB degradation via a proteasome-dependent pathway. MAPK13 also phosphorylates and down-regulates PRKD1 during regulation of insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells. |
| Protein Name | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 13Map Kinase 13Mapk 13Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase P38 DeltaMap Kinase P38 DeltaStress-Activated Protein Kinase 4 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-168638Reactome: R-HSA-171007Reactome: R-HSA-4420097 |
| Cellular Localisation | |
| Alternative Protein Names | Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 13 proteinMap Kinase 13 proteinMapk 13 proteinMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase P38 Delta proteinMap Kinase P38 Delta proteinStress-Activated Protein Kinase 4 proteinMAPK13 proteinPRKM13 proteinSAPK4 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
