| Post Translational Modifications | The precursor molecule is cleaved by ATG4 (ATG4A, ATG4B, ATG4C or ATG4D) to expose the glycine at the C-terminus and form the cytosolic form, LC3-I. The processed form is then activated by APG7L/ATG7, transferred to ATG3 and conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) phospholipid to form the membrane-bound form, LC3-II. During non-canonical autophagy, the processed form is conjugated to phosphatidylserine (PS) phospholipid. ATG4 proteins also mediate the delipidation of PE-conjugated forms. In addition, ATG4B and ATG4D mediate delipidation of ATG8 proteins conjugated to PS during non-canonical autophagy. (Microbial infection) The Legionella effector RavZ is a deconjugating enzyme that hydrolyzes the amide bond between the C-terminal glycine residue and an adjacent aromatic residue in ATG8 proteins conjugated to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), producing an ATG8 protein that is resistant to reconjugation by the host machinery due to the cleavage of the reactive C-terminal glycine. RavZ is also able to mediate delipidation of ATG8 proteins conjugated to phosphatidylserine (PS). Phosphorylation at Ser-96 and Ser-98 by TBK1 prevents interaction with ATG4 (ATG4A, ATG4B, ATG4C or ATG4D). Phosphorylation by TBK1 on autophagosomes prevents their delipidation by ATG4 and premature removal from nascent autophagosomes. |
| Function | Ubiquitin-like modifier that plays a crucial role in antibacterial autophagy (xenophagy) through the selective binding of CALCOCO2. Recruits all ATG8 family members to infecting bacteria such as S.typhimurium. May also play a role in aggrephagy, the macroautophagic degradation of ubiquitinated and aggregated proteins. |
| Protein Name | Microtubule-Associated Proteins 1a/1b Light Chain 3cAutophagy-Related Protein Lc3 CAutophagy-Related Ubiquitin-Like Modifier Lc3 CMap1 Light Chain 3-Like Protein 3Map1a/Map1b Light Chain 3 CMap1a/Map1b Lc3 CMicrotubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 Gamma |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-1632852 |
| Cellular Localisation | Cytoplasmic VesicleAutophagosome MembraneLipid-AnchorEndomembrane SystemCytoplasmCytoskeletonLc3-Ii Binds To The Autophagic Membranes |
| Alternative Protein Names | Microtubule-Associated Proteins 1a/1b Light Chain 3c proteinAutophagy-Related Protein Lc3 C proteinAutophagy-Related Ubiquitin-Like Modifier Lc3 C proteinMap1 Light Chain 3-Like Protein 3 proteinMap1a/Map1b Light Chain 3 C proteinMap1a/Map1b Lc3 C proteinMicrotubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 Gamma proteinMAP1LC3C protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
