| Tissue Specificity | Expressed in activated monocytes/macrophages (at protein level). |
| Post Translational Modifications | Activation of the IL1B precursor involves a CASP1-catalyzed proteolytic cleavage. Processing and secretion are temporarily associated. (Microbial infection) Cleavage by S.pyogenes cysteine protease SpeB promotes its activation independently of CASP1. |
| Function | Potent pro-inflammatory cytokine. Initially discovered as the major endogenous pyrogen, induces prostaglandin synthesis, neutrophil influx and activation, T-cell activation and cytokine production, B-cell activation and antibody production, and fibroblast proliferation and collagen production. Promotes Th17 differentiation of T-cells. Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T-helper 1 (Th1) cells. Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with TNF and IL6. Involved in transduction of inflammation downstream of pyroptosis: its mature form is specifically released in the extracellular milieu by passing through the gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pore. Acts as a sensor of S.pyogenes infection in skin: cleaved and activated by pyogenes SpeB protease, leading to an inflammatory response that prevents bacterial growth during invasive skin infection. |
| Protein Name | Interleukin-1 BetaIl-1 BetaCatabolin |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-448706Reactome: R-HSA-5620971Reactome: R-HSA-5660668Reactome: R-HSA-6783783Reactome: R-HSA-6785807Reactome: R-HSA-9020702Reactome: R-HSA-9660826 |
| Cellular Localisation | CytoplasmCytosolSecretedLysosomeExtracellular ExosomeThe Precursor Is CytosolicIn Response To Inflammasome-Activating SignalsSuch As Atp For Nlrp3 Inflammasome Or Bacterial Flagellin For Nlrc4 InflammasomeCleaved And SecretedMature Form Is Secreted And Released In The Extracellular Milieu By Passing Through The Gasdermin-D (Gsdmd) PoreIn ContrastThe Precursor Form Is Not ReleasedDue To The Presence Of An Acidic Region That Is Proteolytically Removed By Casp1 During MaturationThe Secretion Is Dependent On Protein Unfolding And Facilitated By The Cargo Receptor Tmed10 |
| Alternative Antibody Pair Names | Interleukin-1 Beta antibody pairIl-1 Beta antibody pairCatabolin antibody pairIL1B antibody pairIL1F2 antibody pair |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
