| Post Translational Modifications | N-glycosylated. Glycosylation-deficient ABCG2 is normally expressed and functional. Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation at Thr-362 by PIM1 is induced by drugs like mitoxantrone and is associated with cells increased drug resistance. It regulates the localization to the plasma membrane, the homooligomerization and therefore, the activity of the transporter. |
| Function | Broad substrate specificity ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes a wide variety of physiological compounds, dietary toxins and xenobiotics from cells. Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme. Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells. Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion. In kidney, it also functions as a physiological exporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate. Also involved in the excretion of steroids like estrone 3-sulfate/E1S, 3beta-sulfooxy-androst-5-en-17-one/DHEAS, and other sulfate conjugates. Mediates the secretion of the riboflavin and biotin vitamins into milk. Extrudes pheophorbide a, a phototoxic porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll, reducing its bioavailability. Plays an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain (Probable). It confers to cells a resistance to multiple drugs and other xenobiotics including mitoxantrone, pheophorbide, camptothecin, methotrexate, azidothymidine, and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin, through the control of their efflux. In placenta, it limits the penetration of drugs from the maternal plasma into the fetus. May play a role in early stem cell self-renewal by blocking differentiation. |
| Protein Name | Broad Substrate Specificity Atp-Binding Cassette Transporter Abcg2Atp-Binding Cassette Sub-Family G Member 2Breast Cancer Resistance ProteinCdw338Mitoxantrone Resistance-Associated ProteinPlacenta-Specific Atp-Binding Cassette TransporterUrate ExporterCd Antigen Cd338 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-1660661Reactome: R-HSA-189451Reactome: R-HSA-189483Reactome: R-HSA-2161517Reactome: R-HSA-917937Reactome: R-HSA-9725554Reactome: R-HSA-9753281Reactome: R-HSA-9793528Reactome: R-HSA-9818032 |
| Cellular Localisation | Cell MembraneMulti-Pass Membrane ProteinApical Cell MembraneMitochondrion MembraneEnriched In Membrane Lipid Rafts |
| Alternative Protein Names | Broad Substrate Specificity Atp-Binding Cassette Transporter Abcg2 proteinAtp-Binding Cassette Sub-Family G Member 2 proteinBreast Cancer Resistance Protein proteinCdw338 proteinMitoxantrone Resistance-Associated Protein proteinPlacenta-Specific Atp-Binding Cassette Transporter proteinUrate Exporter proteinCd Antigen Cd338 proteinABCG2 proteinABCP proteinBCRP proteinBCRP1 proteinMXR protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
