| Tissue Specificity | Widely expressed, including in adult and fetal brain, placenta, skin fibroblasts, adipose tissue and gonads. |
| Post Translational Modifications | Phosphorylated in vitro by PKA and PKG/PRKG1. These phosphorylations inhibit the catalytic activity as measured by estrone synthesis from androstenedione (36% decrease for PKA and 30% for PKG/PRKG1). |
| Function | A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of C19 androgens, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (androstenedione) and testosterone to the C18 estrogens, estrone and estradiol, respectively. Catalyzes three successive oxidations of C19 androgens: two conventional oxidations at C19 yielding 19-hydroxy and 19-oxo/19-aldehyde derivatives, followed by a third oxidative aromatization step that involves C1-beta hydrogen abstraction combined with cleavage of the C10-C19 bond to yield a phenolic A ring and formic acid. Alternatively, the third oxidative reaction yields a 19-norsteroid and formic acid. Converts dihydrotestosterone to delta1,10-dehydro 19-nordihydrotestosterone and may play a role in homeostasis of this potent androgen. Also displays 2-hydroxylase activity toward estrone. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR.NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). |
| Peptide Name | AromataseCypxixCytochrome P-450aromCytochrome P450 19a1Estrogen Synthase |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-193144Reactome: R-HSA-211976Reactome: R-HSA-5579030 |
| Cellular Localisation | Endoplasmic Reticulum MembraneMulti-Pass Membrane ProteinMicrosome Membrane |
| Alternative Peptide Names | Aromatase proteinCypxix proteinCytochrome P-450arom proteinCytochrome P450 19a1 proteinEstrogen Synthase proteinCYP19A1 proteinARO1 proteinCYAR proteinCYP19 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
