• Western blot analysis of extracts of various cell lines, using Rac1/2/3 Rabbit monoclonal antibody (STJ11102245) at 1:1000 dilution. Secondary antibody: HRP Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (STJS000856) at 1:10000 dilution. Lysates/proteins: 25 Mu g per lane. Blocking buffer: 3% nonfat dry milk in TBST. Detection: ECL Basic Kit. Exposure time: 90s.

Anti-RAC1 antibody (1-189) [S5MR] (STJ11102245)

SKU:
STJ11102245

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Host: Rabbit
Applications: WB
Reactivity: Human/Mouse/Rat
Note: STRICTLY FOR FURTHER SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH USE ONLY (RUO). MUST NOT TO BE USED IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS.
Short Description: Rabbit monoclonal antibody anti-Rac1/2/3 (1-189) is suitable for use in Western Blot research applications.
Clonality: Monoclonal
Clone ID: S5MR
Conjugation: Unconjugated
Isotype: IgG
Formulation: PBS with 0.02% Sodium Azide, 0.05% BSA, 50% Glycerol, pH7.3.
Purification: Affinity purification
Dilution Range: WB 1:500-1:1000
Storage Instruction: Store at-20°C for up to 1 year from the date of receipt, and avoid repeat freeze-thaw cycles.
Gene Symbol: RAC1
Gene ID: 5879
Uniprot ID: RAC1_HUMAN
Immunogen Region: 1-189
Immunogen: Recombinant fusion protein containing a sequence corresponding to amino acids 1-189 of human RAC1 (P63000).
Immunogen Sequence: MQAIKCVVVGDGAVGKTCLL ISYTTNAFPGEYIPTVFDNY SANVMVDGKPVNLGLWDTAG QEDYDRLRPLSYPQTDVFLI CFSLVSPASFENVRAKWYPE VRHHCPNTPIILVGTKLDLR DDKDTIEKLKEKKLTPITYP QGLAMAKEIGAVKYLECSAL TQRGLKTVFDEAIRAVLCPP PVKKRKRKC
Tissue Specificity Isoform B is predominantly identified in skin and epithelial tissues from the intestinal tract. Its expression is elevated in colorectal tumors at various stages of neoplastic progression, as compared to their respective adjacent tissues.
Post Translational Modifications GTP-bound active form is ubiquitinated by HACE1, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. Phosphorylated by AKT at Ser-71. Ubiquitinated at Lys-166 in a FBXL19-mediated manner.leading to proteasomal degradation. (Microbial infection) AMPylation at Tyr-32 and Thr-35 are mediated by bacterial enzymes in case of infection by H.somnus and V.parahaemolyticus, respectively. AMPylation occurs in the effector region and leads to inactivation of the GTPase activity by preventing the interaction with downstream effectors, thereby inhibiting actin assembly in infected cells. It is unclear whether some human enzyme mediates AMPylation.FICD has such ability in vitro but additional experiments remain to be done to confirm results in vivo. (Microbial infection) Glycosylated at Tyr-32 by Photorhabdus asymbiotica toxin PAU_02230. Mono-O-GlcNAcylation by PAU_02230 inhibits downstream signaling by an impaired interaction with diverse regulator and effector proteins of Rac and leads to actin disassembly. (Microbial infection) Glucosylated at Thr-35 by C.difficile toxins TcdA and TcdB in the colonic epithelium, and by P.sordellii toxin TcsL in the vascular endothelium. Monoglucosylation completely prevents the recognition of the downstream effector, blocking the GTPases in their inactive form, leading to actin cytoskeleton disruption and cell death, resulting in the loss of colonic epithelial barrier function. (Microbial infection) Glycosylated (O-GlcNAcylated) at Thr-35 by C.novyi toxin TcdA. O-GlcNAcylation completely prevents the recognition of the downstream effector, blocking the GTPases in their inactive form, leading to actin cytoskeleton disruption. (Microbial infection) Palmitoylated by the N-epsilon-fatty acyltransferase F2 chain of V.cholerae toxin RtxA. Palmitoylation inhibits activation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), preventing Rho GTPase signaling.
Function Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarization, neurons adhesion, migration and differentiation, and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Rac1 p21/rho GDI heterodimer is the active component of the cytosolic factor sigma 1, which is involved in stimulation of the NADPH oxidase activity in macrophages. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. Stimulates PKN2 kinase activity. In concert with RAB7A, plays a role in regulating the formation of RBs (ruffled borders) in osteoclasts. In podocytes, promotes nuclear shuttling of NR3C2.this modulation is required for a proper kidney functioning. Required for atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2-induced LIMK1-PAK1-dependent phosphorylation of cofilin (CFL1) and for up-regulation of ACKR2 from endosomal compartment to cell membrane, increasing its efficiency in chemokine uptake and degradation. In neurons, is involved in dendritic spine formation and synaptic plasticity. In hippocampal neurons, involved in spine morphogenesis and synapse formation, through local activation at synapses by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as ARHGEF6/ARHGEF7/PIX. In synapses, seems to mediate the regulation of F-actin cluster formation performed by SHANK3. In neurons, plays a crucial role in regulating GABA(A) receptor synaptic stability and hence GABAergic inhibitory synaptic transmission through its role in PAK1 activation and eventually F-actin stabilization. Isoform B: Isoform B has an accelerated GEF-independent GDP/GTP exchange and an impaired GTP hydrolysis, which is restored partially by GTPase-activating proteins. It is able to bind to the GTPase-binding domain of PAK but not full-length PAK in a GTP-dependent manner, suggesting that the insertion does not completely abolish effector interaction.
Protein Name Ras-Related C3 Botulinum Toxin Substrate 1
Cell Migration-Inducing Gene 5 Protein
Ras-Like Protein Tc25
P21-Rac1
Database Links Reactome: R-HSA-114604
Reactome: R-HSA-1257604
Reactome: R-HSA-1433557
Reactome: R-HSA-1445148
Reactome: R-HSA-164944
Reactome: R-HSA-193648
Reactome: R-HSA-2029482
Reactome: R-HSA-2219530
Reactome: R-HSA-2424491
Reactome: R-HSA-2871796
Reactome: R-HSA-376172
Reactome: R-HSA-389359
Reactome: R-HSA-3928662
Reactome: R-HSA-3928664
Reactome: R-HSA-3928665
Reactome: R-HSA-399954
Reactome: R-HSA-399955
Reactome: R-HSA-4086400
Reactome: R-HSA-416550
Reactome: R-HSA-418885
Reactome: R-HSA-428540
Reactome: R-HSA-428543
Reactome: R-HSA-4420097
Reactome: R-HSA-445144
Reactome: R-HSA-5218920
Reactome: R-HSA-5625740
Reactome: R-HSA-5625900
Reactome: R-HSA-5625970
Reactome: R-HSA-5626467
Reactome: R-HSA-5627123
Reactome: R-HSA-5663213
Reactome: R-HSA-5663220
Reactome: R-HSA-5668599
Reactome: R-HSA-5687128
Reactome: R-HSA-6798695
Reactome: R-HSA-6811558
Reactome: R-HSA-8849471
Reactome: R-HSA-8875555
Reactome: R-HSA-9013149
Reactome: R-HSA-9032759
Reactome: R-HSA-9032845
Reactome: R-HSA-9619229
Reactome: R-HSA-9664422
Reactome: R-HSA-9673324
Reactome: R-HSA-9748787
Reactome: R-HSA-983231
Cellular Localisation Cell Membrane
Lipid-Anchor
Cytoplasmic Side
Melanosome
Cytoplasm
Cell Projection
Lamellipodium
Dendrite
Synapse
Nucleus
Inner Surface Of Plasma Membrane Possibly With Attachment Requiring Prenylation Of The C-Terminal Cysteine
Identified By Mass Spectrometry In Melanosome Fractions From Stage I To Stage Iv
Found In The Ruffled Border (A Late Endosomal-Like Compartment In The Plasma Membrane) Of Bone-Resorbing Osteoclasts
Localizes To The Lamellipodium In A Sh3rf1-Dependent Manner
In Macrophages
Cytoplasmic Location Increases Upon Csf1 Stimulation
Activation By Gtp-Binding Promotes Nuclear Localization
Alternative Antibody Names Anti-Ras-Related C3 Botulinum Toxin Substrate 1 antibody
Anti-Cell Migration-Inducing Gene 5 Protein antibody
Anti-Ras-Like Protein Tc25 antibody
Anti-P21-Rac1 antibody
Anti-RAC1 antibody
Anti-TC25 antibody
Anti-MIG5 antibody

Information sourced from Uniprot.org

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