| Function | Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays essential roles in many developmental processes, including cardiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. Induces cartilage and bone formation. Initiates the canonical BMP signaling cascade by associating with type I receptor BMPR1A and type II receptor BMPR2. Once all three components are bound together in a complex at the cell surface, BMPR2 phosphorylates and activates BMPR1A. In turn, BMPR1A propagates signal by phosphorylating SMAD1/5/8 that travel to the nucleus and act as activators and repressors of transcription of target genes. Also acts to promote expression of HAMP, via the interaction with its receptor BMPR1A/ALK3. Can also signal through non-canonical pathways such as ERK/MAP kinase signaling cascade that regulates osteoblast differentiation. Also stimulates the differentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts via the EIF2AK3-EIF2A-ATF4 pathway by stimulating EIF2A phosphorylation which leads to increased expression of ATF4 which plays a central role in osteoblast differentiation. Acts as a positive regulator of odontoblast differentiation during mesenchymal tooth germ formation, expression is repressed during the bell stage by MSX1-mediated inhibition of CTNNB1 signaling. |
| Protein Name | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2Bmp-2Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2aBmp-2a |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-RNO-201451Reactome: -RNO-2129379 |
| Cellular Localisation | Secreted |
| Alternative Protein Names | Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 proteinBmp-2 proteinBone Morphogenetic Protein 2a proteinBmp-2a proteinBmp2 proteinBmp-2 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
