Mouse PKBb (Protein Kinase B Beta) Ready-To-Use Sandwich ELISA Kit (STJE0017878)

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STJE0017878
£476.50 - £653.50
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Applications: ELISA
Reactivity: Mouse
Note: STRICTLY FOR FURTHER SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH USE ONLY (RUO). MUST NOT TO BE USED IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS.
Sensitivity: 0.122ng/mL
Detection Limit: 0.312-20ng/mL
Short Description : This PKBb Sandwich ELISA Kit, Ready-To-Use is an in-vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of samples in mouse serum, plasma, tissue homogenates or other biological fluids.
Storage Instruction: The whole kit may be stored at-20°C for up to 12 months from receipt. An unopened kit may be stored in the fridge at 2-8°C for up to 6 months. Once opened store individual kit contents according to components table provided with the kit.
Assay Time: 3 hrs
Gene Symbol: Akt2
Gene ID: 11652
Uniprot ID: AKT2_MOUSE
Immunogen Region: Ready-To-Use
Sample Type: serum, plasma, tissue homogenates or other biological fluids.
Tissue Specificity
Post Translational Modifications Phosphorylated and activated by PDK1 in the presence of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate. Phosphorylation on Thr-309 and Ser-474 is required for full activity. Ubiquitinated.undergoes both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination. TRAF6-induced 'Lys-63'-linked AKT2 ubiquitination. When fully phosphorylated and translocated into the nucleus, undergoes 'Lys-48'-polyubiquitination catalyzed by TTC3, leading to its degradation by the proteasome. O-GlcNAcylation at Thr-306 and Thr-313 inhibits activating phosphorylation at Thr-309 via disrupting the interaction between AKT and PDK1.
Function AKT2 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinases, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the SLC2A4/GLUT4 glucose transporter to the cell surface. Phosphorylation of PTPN1 at 'Ser-50' negatively modulates its phosphatase activity preventing dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor and the attenuation of insulin signaling. Phosphorylation of TBC1D4 triggers the binding of this effector to inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins, which is required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. AKT regulates also the storage of glucose in the form of glycogen by phosphorylating GSK3A at 'Ser-21' and GSK3B at 'Ser-9', resulting in inhibition of its kinase activity. Phosphorylation of GSK3 isoforms by AKT is also thought to be one mechanism by which cell proliferation is driven. AKT regulates also cell survival via the phosphorylation of MAP3K5 (apoptosis signal-related kinase). Phosphorylation of 'Ser-83' decreases MAP3K5 kinase activity stimulated by oxidative stress and thereby prevents apoptosis. AKT mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 at 'Ser-939' and 'Thr-1462', thereby activating mTORC1 signaling and leading to both phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and in activation of RPS6KB1. AKT is involved in the phosphorylation of members of the FOXO factors (Forkhead family of transcription factors), leading to binding of 14-3-3 proteins and cytoplasmic localization. In particular, FOXO1 is phosphorylated at 'Thr-24', 'Ser-256' and 'Ser-319'. FOXO3 and FOXO4 are phosphorylated on equivalent sites. AKT has an important role in the regulation of NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription and positively regulates the activity of CREB1 (cyclic AMP (cAMP)-response element binding protein). The phosphorylation of CREB1 induces the binding of accessory proteins that are necessary for the transcription of pro-survival genes such as BCL2 and MCL1. AKT phosphorylates 'Ser-454' on ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), thereby potentially regulating ACLY activity and fatty acid synthesis. Activates the 3B isoform of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE3B) via phosphorylation of 'Ser-273', resulting in reduced cyclic AMP levels and inhibition of lipolysis. Phosphorylates PIKFYVE on 'Ser-318', which results in increased PI(3)P-5 activity. The Rho GTPase-activating protein DLC1 is another substrate and its phosphorylation is implicated in the regulation cell proliferation and cell growth. AKT plays a role as key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. Signals downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI(3)K) to mediate the effects of various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). AKT mediates the antiapoptotic effects of IGF-I. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. May be involved in the regulation of the placental development. In response to lysophosphatidic acid stimulation, inhibits the ciliogenesis cascade. In this context, phosphorylates WDR44, hence stabilizing its interaction with Rab11 and preventing the formation of the ciliogenic Rab11-FIP3-RAB3IP complex. Also phosphorylates RAB3IP/Rabin8, thus may affect RAB3IP guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity toward Rab8, which is important for cilia growth. Phosphorylates PKP1, facilitating its interaction with YWHAG and translocation to the nucleus, ultimately resulting in a reduction in keratinocyte intercellular adhesion. Phosphorylation of PKP1 increases PKP1 protein stability, translocation to the cytoplasm away from desmosome plaques and PKP1-driven cap-dependent translation. Several AKT2-specific substrates have been identified, including ANKRD2, C2CD5, CLK2 and PITX2. May play a role in myoblast differentiation. In this context, may act through PITX2 phosphorylation. Unphosphorylated PITX2 associates with an ELAVL1/HuR-containing complex, which stabilizes cyclin mRNA and ensuring cell proliferation. Phosphorylation by AKT2 impairs this association, leading to CCND1 mRNA destabilization and progression towards differentiation. Also involved in the negative regulation of myogenesis in response to stress conditions. In this context, acts by phosphorylating ANKRD2. May also be a key regulator of glucose uptake. Regulates insulin-stimulated glucose transport by the increase of glucose transporter GLUT4 translocation from intracellular stores to the plasma membrane. In this context, acts by phosphorylating C2CD5/CDP138 on 'Ser-197' in insulin-stimulated adipocytes. Through the phosphorylation of CLK2 on 'Thr-343', involved in insulin-regulated suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis.
Protein Name Rac-Beta Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase
Protein Kinase Akt-2
Protein Kinase B Beta
Pkb Beta
Rac-Pk-Beta
Database Links Reactome: R-MMU-1257604
Reactome: -MMU-1358803
Reactome: -MMU-165158
Reactome: -MMU-165181
Reactome: -MMU-198323
Reactome: -MMU-198693
Reactome: -MMU-199418
Reactome: -MMU-211163
Reactome: -MMU-3769402
Reactome: -MMU-389357
Reactome: -MMU-389513
Reactome: -MMU-392451
Reactome: -MMU-5218920
Reactome: -MMU-5628897
Reactome: -MMU-6804757
Reactome: -MMU-6804758
Reactome: -MMU-6804759
Reactome: -MMU-69202
Reactome: -MMU-69656
Reactome: -MMU-8876198
Reactome: -MMU-8948751
Reactome: -MMU-9607240
Reactome: -MMU-9614399
Reactome: -MMU-9634638
Reactome: -MMU-9755511
Cellular Localisation Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell Membrane
Peripheral Membrane Protein
Early Endosome
Through Binding Of The N-Terminal Ph Domain To Phosphatidylinositol (3
4
5)-Trisphosphate (Ptdins(3
5)P3) Or Phosphatidylinositol (3
4)-Bisphosphate (Ptdins(3
4)P2)
Recruited To The Plasma Membrane
Cell Membrane Recruitment Is Facilitated By Interaction With Clip3
Colocalizes With Wdfy2 In Early Endosomes
Localizes Within Both Nucleus And Cytoplasm In Proliferative Primary Myoblasts And Mostly Within The Nucleus Of Differentiated Primary Myoblasts
Alternative ELISA Names Rac-Beta Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase ELISA kit
Protein Kinase Akt-2 ELISA kit
Protein Kinase B Beta ELISA kit
Pkb Beta ELISA kit
Rac-Pk-Beta ELISA kit
Akt2 ELISA kit
output

Information sourced from Uniprot.org