| Tissue Specificity | Very high expression in placenta, with the next highest level in testis and moderate levels in pancreas, liver, small intestine and brain at much lower levels. Expression levels increased in both early placentas and molar pregnancies and are reduced in choriocarcinoma cells. Expressed at higher levels in first trimester trophoblasts than at term of gestation, but only expressed in the villous trophoblast. |
| Post Translational Modifications | Processed by MMP2 and MMP9. |
| Function | Metastasis suppressor protein in malignant melanomas and in some breast cancers. May regulate events downstream of cell-matrix adhesion, perhaps involving cytoskeletal reorganization. Generates a C-terminally amidated peptide, metastin which functions as the endogenous ligand of the G-protein coupled receptor GPR54. Activation of the receptor inhibits cell proliferation and cell migration, key characteristics of tumor metastasis. Kp-10 is a decapeptide derived from the primary translation product, isolated in conditioned medium of first trimester trophoblast. Kp-10, but not other kisspeptins, increased intracellular Ca(2+) levels in isolated first trimester trophoblasts. Kp-10 is a paracrine/endocrine regulator in fine-tuning trophoblast invasion generated by the trophoblast itself. The receptor is also essential for normal gonadotropin-released hormone physiology and for puberty. The hypothalamic KiSS1/GPR54 system is a pivotal factor in central regulation of the gonadotropic axis at puberty and in adulthood. |
| Protein Name | Metastasis-Suppressor Kiss-1Kisspeptin-1 Cleaved Into - MetastinKisspeptin-54 - Kisspeptin-14 - Kisspeptin-13 - Kisspeptin-10 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-375276Reactome: R-HSA-416476 |
| Cellular Localisation | Secreted |
| Alternative Protein Names | Metastasis-Suppressor Kiss-1 proteinKisspeptin-1 Cleaved Into - Metastin proteinKisspeptin-54 - Kisspeptin-14 - Kisspeptin-13 - Kisspeptin-10 proteinKISS1 proteinPP5098 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
