| Post Translational Modifications | Acetylated by EP300. Acetylation inhibits both endonuclease and exonuclease activity. Acetylation also reduces DNA-binding activity but does not affect interaction with PCNA or EP300. Phosphorylation upon DNA damage induces relocalization to the nuclear plasma. Phosphorylation at Ser-187 by CDK2 occurs during late S-phase and results in dissociation from PCNA. Methylation at Arg-192 by PRMT5 impedes Ser-187 phosphorylation and increases interaction with PCNA. |
| Function | Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site-terminated flap. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structures that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double-stranded DNA, and exhibits RNase H activity. Also involved in replication and repair of rDNA and in repairing mitochondrial DNA. |
| Protein Name | Flap Endonuclease 1Fen-1Dnase IvFlap Structure-Specific Endonuclease 1Maturation Factor 1Mf1Hfen-1 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-110362Reactome: R-HSA-162594Reactome: R-HSA-174437Reactome: R-HSA-5651801Reactome: R-HSA-5685939Reactome: R-HSA-69166 |
| Cellular Localisation | Isoform 1: NucleusNucleolusNucleusNucleoplasmResides Mostly In The Nucleoli And Relocalizes To The Nucleoplasm Upon Dna DamageIsoform Fenmit: Mitochondrion |
| Alternative Protein Names | Flap Endonuclease 1 proteinFen-1 proteinDnase Iv proteinFlap Structure-Specific Endonuclease 1 proteinMaturation Factor 1 proteinMf1 proteinHfen-1 proteinFEN1 proteinRAD2 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
