| Function | A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of retinoates (RAs), the active metabolites of vitamin A, and critical signaling molecules in animals. RAs exist as at least four different isomers: all-trans-RA (atRA), 9-cis-RA, 13-cis-RA, and 9,13-dicis-RA, where atRA is considered to be the biologically active isomer, although 9-cis-RA and 13-cis-RA also have activity (Probable). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of atRA primarily at C-4 and C-18, thereby contributing to the regulation of atRA homeostasis and signaling. Hydroxylation of atRA limits its biological activity and initiates a degradative process leading to its eventual elimination. Involved in the convertion of atRA to all-trans-4-oxo-RA. Can oxidize all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinoate (DRA) to metabolites which could include all-trans-4-oxo-DRA, all-trans-4-hydroxy-DRA, all-trans-5,8-epoxy-DRA, and all-trans-18-hydroxy-DRA. Shows preference for the following substrates: atRA > 9-cis-RA > 13-cis-RA. Plays a central role in germ cell development: acts by degrading RAs in the developing testis, preventing STRA8 expression, thereby leading to delay of meiosis. Required for the maintenance of the undifferentiated state of male germ cells during embryonic development in Sertoli cells, inducing arrest in G0 phase of the cell cycle and preventing meiotic entry. Plays a role in skeletal development, both at the level of patterning and in the ossification of bone and the establishment of some synovial joints. Essential for postnatal survival. Has also a significant activity in oxidation of tazarotenic acid and may therefore metabolize that xenobiotic in vivo. |
| Protein Name | Cytochrome P450 26b1Cytochrome P450 26a2Cytochrome P450 Retinoic Acid-Inactivating 2Cytochrome P450rai-2Retinoic Acid-Metabolizing Cytochrome |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-211916Reactome: R-HSA-5365859Reactome: R-HSA-5579015 |
| Cellular Localisation | Endoplasmic Reticulum MembranePeripheral Membrane ProteinMicrosome Membrane |
| Alternative Protein Names | Cytochrome P450 26b1 proteinCytochrome P450 26a2 proteinCytochrome P450 Retinoic Acid-Inactivating 2 proteinCytochrome P450rai-2 proteinRetinoic Acid-Metabolizing Cytochrome proteinCYP26B1 proteinCYP26A2 proteinP450RAI2 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
