| Host: |
Rabbit |
| Applications: |
IHC/IF/ELISA |
| Reactivity: |
Human/Mouse/Rat |
| Note: |
STRICTLY FOR FURTHER SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH USE ONLY (RUO). MUST NOT TO BE USED IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS. |
| Short Description: |
Rabbit polyclonal antibody anti-Phospho-RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase-Thr269 (231-280 aa) is suitable for use in Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence and ELISA research applications. |
| Clonality: |
Polyclonal |
| Conjugation: |
Unconjugated |
| Isotype: |
IgG |
| Formulation: |
Liquid in PBS containing 50% Glycerol, 0.5% BSA and 0.02% Sodium Azide. |
| Purification: |
The antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. |
| Concentration: |
1 mg/mL |
| Dilution Range: |
IHC 1:100-1:300ELISA 1:40000IF 1:50-200 |
| Storage Instruction: |
Store at-20°C for up to 1 year from the date of receipt, and avoid repeat freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Gene Symbol: |
RAF1 |
| Gene ID: |
5894 |
| Uniprot ID: |
RAF1_HUMAN |
| Immunogen Region: |
231-280 aa |
| Specificity: |
Phospho-Raf-1 (T269) Polyclonal Antibody detects endogenous levels of Raf-1 protein only when phosphorylated at T269. |
| Immunogen: |
The antiserum was produced against synthesized peptide derived from the human C-RAF around the phosphorylation site of Thr269 at the amino acid range 231-280 |
| Post Translational Modifications | Phosphorylation at Thr-269, Ser-338, Tyr-341, Thr-491 and Ser-494 results in its activation. Phosphorylation at Ser-29, Ser-43, Ser-289, Ser-296, Ser-301 and Ser-642 by MAPK1/ERK2 results in its inactivation. Phosphorylation at Ser-259 induces the interaction with YWHAZ and inactivates kinase activity. Dephosphorylation of Ser-259 by the complex containing protein phosphatase 1, SHOC2 and M-Ras/MRAS relieves inactivation, leading to stimulate RAF1 activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-338 by PAK1 and PAK5 and Ser-339 by PAK1 is required for its mitochondrial localization. Phosphorylation at Ser-621 in response to growth factor treatment stabilizes the protein, possibly by preventing proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylation at Ser-289, Ser-296, Ser-301, Ser-338 and Ser-621 are somehow linked to the methylation potential of cells. Treatment of cells with HGF in the presence of the methylation inhibitor 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) results in increased phosphorylation at Ser-338 and Ser-621 and decreased phosphorylation at Ser-296, Ser-301 and Ser-338. Dephosphorylation at Ser-338 by PPP5C results in an activity decrease. Methylated at Arg-563 in response to EGF treatment. This modification leads to destabilization of the protein, possibly through proteasomal degradation. |
| Function | Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2). The phosphorylated form of RAF1 (on residues Ser-338 and Ser-339, by PAK1) phosphorylates BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death at 'Ser-75'. Phosphorylates adenylyl cyclases: ADCY2, ADCY5 and ADCY6, resulting in their activation. Phosphorylates PPP1R12A resulting in inhibition of the phosphatase activity. Phosphorylates TNNT2/cardiac muscle troponin T. Can promote NF-kB activation and inhibit signal transducers involved in motility (ROCK2), apoptosis (MAP3K5/ASK1 and STK3/MST2), proliferation and angiogenesis (RB1). Can protect cells from apoptosis also by translocating to the mitochondria where it binds BCL2 and displaces BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death. Regulates Rho signaling and migration, and is required for normal wound healing. Plays a role in the oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells via repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) by inducing the up-regulation of a transcriptional repressor SNAI2/SLUG, which induces down-regulation of OCLN. Restricts caspase activation in response to selected stimuli, notably Fas stimulation, pathogen-mediated macrophage apoptosis, and erythroid differentiation. |
| Protein Name | Raf Proto-Oncogene Serine/Threonine-Protein KinaseProto-Oncogene C-RafCrafRaf-1 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-2672351Reactome: R-HSA-392517Reactome: R-HSA-430116Reactome: R-HSA-5621575Reactome: R-HSA-5673000Reactome: R-HSA-5674135Reactome: R-HSA-5674499Reactome: R-HSA-5675221Reactome: R-HSA-6802946Reactome: R-HSA-6802948Reactome: R-HSA-6802952Reactome: R-HSA-6802955Reactome: R-HSA-9649948Reactome: R-HSA-9656223Reactome: R-HSA-9726840Reactome: R-HSA-9726842Reactome: R-HSA-9732724 |
| Cellular Localisation | CytoplasmCell MembraneMitochondrionNucleusColocalizes With Rgs14 And Braf In Both The Cytoplasm And MembranesPhosphorylation At Ser-259 Impairs Its Membrane AccumulationRecruited To The Cell Membrane By The Active Ras ProteinPhosphorylation At Ser-338 And Ser-339 By Pak1 Is Required For Its Mitochondrial LocalizationRetinoic Acid-Induced Ser-621 Phosphorylated Form Of Raf1 Is Predominantly Localized At The Nucleus |
| Alternative Antibody Names | Anti-Raf Proto-Oncogene Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase antibodyAnti-Proto-Oncogene C-Raf antibodyAnti-Craf antibodyAnti-Raf-1 antibodyAnti-RAF1 antibodyAnti-RAF antibody |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
12 months for antibodies. 6 months for ELISA Kits. Please see website T&Cs for further guidance
