| Post Translational Modifications | Phosphorylation at Ser-128 by PKC promotes relocalization to the perinuclear region, where the mTORC2 complex specifically mediates phosphorylation of SGK1. Phosphorylated at Thr-86 by AKT1 or RPS6KB1 in the presence of growth factors.the effect of this phosphorylation is however unclear. According to two studies, phosphorylation at Thr-86 by AKT1 is part of a positive feedback loop that increases mTORC2 activation. According to another study, phosphorylation at Thr-86 and Thr-398 by RPS6KB1 promotes dissociation from the mTORC2 complex, leading to inhibit mTORC2 signaling. |
| Function | Component of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2), which transduces signals from growth factors to pathways involved in proliferation, cytoskeletal organization, lipogenesis and anabolic output. In response to growth factors, mTORC2 phosphorylates and activates AGC protein kinase family members, including AKT (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3), PKC (PRKCA, PRKCB and PRKCE) and SGK1. In contrast to mTORC1, mTORC2 is nutrient-insensitive. Within the mTORC2 complex, MAPKAP1/SIN1 acts as a substrate adapter which recognizes and binds AGC protein kinase family members for phosphorylation by MTOR. mTORC2 plays a critical role in AKT1 activation by mediating phosphorylation of different sites depending on the context, such as 'Thr-450', 'Ser-473', 'Ser-477' or 'Thr-479', facilitating the phosphorylation of the activation loop of AKT1 on 'Thr-308' by PDPK1/PDK1 which is a prerequisite for full activation. mTORC2 catalyzes the phosphorylation of SGK1 at 'Ser-422' and of PRKCA on 'Ser-657'. The mTORC2 complex also phosphorylates various proteins involved in insulin signaling, such as FBXW8 and IGF2BP1. mTORC2 acts upstream of Rho GTPases to regulate the actin cytoskeleton, probably by activating one or more Rho-type guanine nucleotide exchange factors. mTORC2 promotes the serum-induced formation of stress-fibers or F-actin. MAPKAP1 inhibits MAP3K2 by preventing its dimerization and autophosphorylation. Inhibits HRAS and KRAS independently of mTORC2 complex. Enhances osmotic stress-induced phosphorylation of ATF2 and ATF2-mediated transcription. Involved in ciliogenesis, regulates cilia length through its interaction with CCDC28B independently of mTORC2 complex. Isoform 4: In contrast to isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 6, isoform 4 is not a component of the a mTORC2 complex. |
| Protein Name | Target Of Rapamycin Complex 2 Subunit Mapkap1Torc2 Subunit Mapkap1Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 2-Associated Protein 1Stress-Activated Map Kinase-Interacting Protein 1Sapk-Interacting Protein 1Msin1 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-1257604Reactome: R-HSA-389357Reactome: R-HSA-5218920Reactome: R-HSA-5674400Reactome: R-HSA-6804757Reactome: R-HSA-9856530 |
| Cellular Localisation | Cell MembranePeripheral Membrane ProteinEndoplasmic Reticulum MembraneEarly Endosome MembraneLate Endosome MembraneLysosome MembraneGolgi Apparatus MembraneMitochondrion Outer MembraneCytoplasmPerinuclear RegionNucleusThe Mtorc2 Complex Localizes To Membranes: Mtorc2 Is Active At The Plasma MembraneLysosomes And Perinuclear RegionIin Lysosomal MembraneMtorc2 Is Sensitive To Lysosomal Positioning In The CellFollowing Phosphorylation By PkcLocalizes To The Perinuclear RegionWhere The Mtorc2 Complexe Specifically Phosphorylates Sgk1But Not AktIsoform 1: Cell MembraneIsoform 2: Cell MembraneIsoform 4: Cell MembraneCytosolIsoform 6: Cytoplasm |
| Alternative Antibody Names | Anti-Target Of Rapamycin Complex 2 Subunit Mapkap1 antibodyAnti-Torc2 Subunit Mapkap1 antibodyAnti-Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 2-Associated Protein 1 antibodyAnti-Stress-Activated Map Kinase-Interacting Protein 1 antibodyAnti-Sapk-Interacting Protein 1 antibodyAnti-Msin1 antibodyAnti-MAPKAP1 antibodyAnti-MIP1 antibodyAnti-SIN1 antibody |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
