Post Translational Modifications | N-glycosylated. Differential glycosylation produces a number of isoforms. N-linked glycan at Asn-107 is alternatively di-antennary, tri-antennary or tetra-antennary. The glycan at Asn-70 is di-antennary with trace amounts of tri-antennary. Glycan at Asn-271 is exclusively di-antennary. Structure of glycans at Asn-70 and Asn-271 is Hex5HexNAc4. The structure of the antennae is Neu5Ac(alpha1-6)Gal(beta1-4)GlcNAc attached to the core structure Man(alpha1-6)Man(alpha1-3)Man(beta1-4)GlcNAc(beta1-4)GlcNAc. Some antennae are fucosylated, which forms a Lewis-X determinant. Proteolytic processing may yield the truncated form that ranges from Asp-30 to Lys-418. (Microbial infection) Proteolytically processed by Staphylococcus aureus seryl, cysteinyl, and metallo-proteases. |
Function | Inhibitor of serine proteases. Its primary target is elastase, but it also has a moderate affinity for plasmin and thrombin. Irreversibly inhibits trypsin, chymotrypsin and plasminogen activator. The aberrant form inhibits insulin-induced NO synthesis in platelets, decreases coagulation time and has proteolytic activity against insulin and plasmin. Short peptide from AAT: Reversible chymotrypsin inhibitor. It also inhibits elastase, but not trypsin. Its major physiological function is the protection of the lower respiratory tract against proteolytic destruction by human leukocyte elastase (HLE). |
Protein Name | Alpha-1-AntitrypsinAlpha-1 Protease InhibitorAlpha-1-AntiproteinaseSerpin A1 Cleaved Into - Short Peptide From AatSpaat |
Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-114608Reactome: R-HSA-204005Reactome: R-HSA-381426Reactome: R-HSA-5694530Reactome: R-HSA-6798695Reactome: R-HSA-8957275 |
Cellular Localisation | SecretedEndoplasmic ReticulumThe S And Z Allele Are Not Secreted Effectively And Accumulate Intracellularly In The Endoplasmic ReticulumShort Peptide From Aat: SecretedExtracellular SpaceExtracellular Matrix |
Alternative Protein Names | Alpha-1-Antitrypsin proteinAlpha-1 Protease Inhibitor proteinAlpha-1-Antiproteinase proteinSerpin A1 Cleaved Into - Short Peptide From Aat proteinSpaat proteinSERPINA1 proteinAAT proteinPI proteinPRO0684 proteinPRO2209 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org