| Background | CD54 (ICAM-1) is a 90 kD member of the C2 subset of immunoglobulin superfamily. It is a transmembrane molecule with 7 potential N-glycosylated sites, expressed on resting monocytes and endothelial cells and can be upregulated on many other cells, e.g. with lymphokines, on B-and T-lymphocytes, thymocytes, dendritic cells and also on keratinocytes, chondrocytes, as well as epithelial cells. CD54 mediates cell adhesion by binding to integrins CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1) and to CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1). The interaction of CD54 with LFA-1 enhances antigen-specific T-cell activation. |
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