| Tissue Specificity | Widely expressed, with highest levels in liver, brain, adrenal gland and heart. Highly expressed in fetal liver and brain. |
| Function | Isoform 1: Acts as a front-end fatty acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase that introduces a cis double bond at carbon 5 located between a preexisting double bond and the carboxyl end of the fatty acyl chain. Involved in biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) from the essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) linoleic acid (LA) (18:2n-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) (18:3n-3) precursors. Specifically, desaturates dihomo-gamma-linoleoate (DGLA) (20:3n-6) and eicosatetraenoate (ETA) (20:4n-3) to generate arachidonate (AA) (20:4n-6) and eicosapentaenoate (EPA) (20:5n-3), respectively. As a rate limiting enzyme for DGLA (20:3n-6) and AA (20:4n-6)-derived eicosanoid biosynthesis, controls the metabolism of inflammatory lipids like prostaglandin E2, critical for efficient acute inflammatory response and maintenance of epithelium homeostasis. Contributes to membrane phospholipid biosynthesis by providing AA (20:4n-6) as a major acyl chain esterified into phospholipids. In particular, regulates phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate levels, modulating inflammatory cytokine production in T-cells. Also desaturates (11E)-octadecenoate (trans-vaccenoate)(18:1n-9), a metabolite in the biohydrogenation pathway of LA (18:2n-6). Isoform 2: Does not exhibit any catalytic activity toward 20:3n-6, but it may enhance FADS2 activity. |
| Protein Name | Acyl-Coa8-3-DesaturaseDelta(5 Fatty Acid DesaturaseD5dDelta(5 DesaturaseDelta-5 DesaturaseFatty Acid Desaturase 1 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-1989781Reactome: R-HSA-2046105Reactome: R-HSA-2046106 |
| Cellular Localisation | Isoform 1: Endoplasmic Reticulum MembraneMulti-Pass Membrane ProteinMitochondrionIsoform 2: Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane |
| Alternative Antibody Names | Anti-Acyl-Coa antibodyAnti-8-3-Desaturase antibodyAnti-Delta(5 Fatty Acid Desaturase antibodyAnti-D5d antibodyAnti-Delta(5 Desaturase antibodyAnti-Delta-5 Desaturase antibodyAnti-Fatty Acid Desaturase 1 antibodyAnti-FADS1 antibodyAnti-FADSD5 antibody |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
