| Function | Multifunctional protein which primarily functions within the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex, also known as multisynthetase complex. Within the complex it catalyzes the attachment of both L-glutamate and L-proline to their cognate tRNAs in a two-step reaction where the amino acid is first activated by ATP to form a covalent intermediate with AMP. Subsequently, the activated amino acid is transferred to the acceptor end of the cognate tRNA to form L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) and L-prolyl-tRNA(Pro). Upon interferon-gamma stimulation, EPRS1 undergoes phosphorylation, causing its dissociation from the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex. It is recruited to form the GAIT complex, which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements found in the 3'-UTR of various inflammatory mRNAs, such as ceruloplasmin. The GAIT complex inhibits the translation of these mRNAs, allowing interferon-gamma to redirect the function of EPRS1 from protein synthesis to translation inhibition in specific cell contexts. Furthermore, it can function as a downstream effector in the mTORC1 signaling pathway, by promoting the translocation of SLC27A1 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane where it mediates the uptake of long-chain fatty acid by adipocytes. Thereby, EPRS1 also plays a role in fat metabolism and more indirectly influences lifespan. |
| Protein Name | Bifunctional Glutamate/Proline--Trna LigaseBifunctional Aminoacyl-Trna SynthetaseCell Proliferation-Inducing Gene 32 ProteinGlutamatyl-Prolyl-Trna Synthetase Includes - Glutamate--Trna LigaseGlutamyl-Trna SynthetaseGlurs - Proline--Trna LigaseProlyl-Trna Synthetase |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-2408522Reactome: R-HSA-379716Reactome: R-HSA-6782315Reactome: R-HSA-9856649 |
| Cellular Localisation | CytoplasmCytosolMembranePeripheral Membrane ProteinTranslocates From Cytosol To Membranes Upon Phosphorylation At Ser-999 |
| Alternative Protein Names | Bifunctional Glutamate/Proline--Trna Ligase proteinBifunctional Aminoacyl-Trna Synthetase proteinCell Proliferation-Inducing Gene 32 Protein proteinGlutamatyl-Prolyl-Trna Synthetase Includes - Glutamate--Trna Ligase proteinGlutamyl-Trna Synthetase proteinGlurs - Proline--Trna Ligase proteinProlyl-Trna Synthetase proteinEPRS1 proteinEPRS proteinGLNS proteinPARS proteinQARS proteinQPRS proteinPIG32 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
