| Background | CD49d is a 150 kD Alpha integrin chain known as Alpha 4 integrin or VLA-4 Alpha chain. It forms a heterodimer with either integrin Beta 1 ( Alpha 4 Beta 1, VLA-4) or Beta 7 ( Alpha 4 Beta 7). CD49d is expressed broadly on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, monocytes, thymocytes, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, and some non-hematopoietic cells, but not on normal red blood cells, platelets or neutrophils. VLA-4 binds to VCAM-1 (CD106) and fibronectin. Alpha 4 Beta 7 is the receptor for VCAM-1 and MAdCAM-1. CD49d participates in mononuclear cell trafficking to endothelial sites of inflammation and has roles in cell-cell interactions and cell adhesion to extracellular matrices. CD49d is involved in lymphocyte migration, T cell activation, and hematopoietic stem cell differentiation. CD49d is a marker to isolate pure populations of Treg cells due to its absence on Foxp3+ cells. |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
