| Applications: | WB |
| Note: | STRICTLY FOR FURTHER SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH USE ONLY (RUO). MUST NOT TO BE USED IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS. |
| Short Description : | Smad4 Antibody Positve Control Positive Control is synthetically produced from the sequence and is suitable for use in western blot applications. |
| Formulation: | Provided as 100 uL ready-to-use, in SDS-PAGE sample buffer (Laemelli's buffer) containing Tris, pH 6.8, 1 % SDS, Glycerol and Bromophenolblue blue as tracking dye. The sample is reduced by adding 2% beta mercaptoethanol. The protein concentration is |
| Dilution Range: | WB: 1:500 |
| Storage Instruction: | Store at-20°C for long term storage. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Gene Symbol: | SMAD4 |
| Gene ID: | 4089 |
| Uniprot ID: | SMAD4_HUMAN |
| Post Translational Modifications | Phosphorylated by PDPK1. Monoubiquitinated on Lys-519 by E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM33. Monoubiquitination hampers its ability to form a stable complex with activated SMAD2/3 resulting in inhibition of TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade. Deubiquitination by USP9X restores its competence to mediate TGF-beta signaling. |
| Function | In muscle physiology, plays a central role in the balance between atrophy and hypertrophy. When recruited by MSTN, promotes atrophy response via phosphorylated SMAD2/4. MSTN decrease causes SMAD4 release and subsequent recruitment by the BMP pathway to promote hypertrophy via phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8. Acts synergistically with SMAD1 and YY1 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression. Binds to SMAD binding elements (SBEs) (5'-GTCT/AGAC-3') within BMP response element (BMPRE) of cardiac activating regions. Common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor). Component of the heterotrimeric SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex that forms in the nucleus and is required for the TGF-mediated signaling. Promotes binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate transcription. Component of the multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex which forms at the AP1 promoter site.required for synergistic transcriptional activity in response to TGF-beta. May act as a tumor suppressor. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. |
| Peptide Name | Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 4 Mad Homolog 4 Mothers Against Dpp Homolog 4 Deletion Target In Pancreatic Carcinoma 4 Smad Family Member 4 Smad 4 Smad4 Hsmad4 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-1181150 Reactome: R-HSA-1502540 Reactome: R-HSA-201451 Reactome: R-HSA-2173789 Reactome: R-HSA-2173795 Reactome: R-HSA-2173796 Reactome: R-HSA-3311021 Reactome: R-HSA-3315487 Reactome: R-HSA-452723 Reactome: R-HSA-5689880 Reactome: R-HSA-8941326 Reactome: R-HSA-8941855 Reactome: R-HSA-8952158 Reactome: R-HSA-9615017 Reactome: R-HSA-9617828 Reactome: R-HSA-9733709 Reactome: R-HSA-9735871 Reactome: R-HSA-9754189 Reactome: R-HSA-9823730 Reactome: R-HSA-9839394 Reactome: R-HSA-9844594 |
| Cellular Localisation | Cytoplasm Nucleus Cytoplasmic In The Absence Of Ligand Migrates To The Nucleus When Complexed With R-Smad Pdpk1 Prevents Its Nuclear Translocation In Response To Tgf-Beta |
| Alternative Peptide Names | Mothers Against Decapentaplegic Homolog 4 protein Mad Homolog 4 protein Mothers Against Dpp Homolog 4 protein Deletion Target In Pancreatic Carcinoma 4 protein Smad Family Member 4 protein Smad 4 protein Smad4 protein Hsmad4 protein SMAD4 protein DPC4 protein MADH4 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org