| Post Translational Modifications | Under cell death induction, transglutaminated by TGM2. Transglutamination leads to formation of covalent cross-links between a glutamine and the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue, forming polymers. |
| Function | ADP:ATP antiporter that mediates import of ADP into the mitochondrial matrix for ATP synthesis, and export of ATP out to fuel the cell. Cycles between the cytoplasmic-open state (c-state) and the matrix-open state (m-state): operates by the alternating access mechanism with a single substrate-binding site intermittently exposed to either the cytosolic (c-state) or matrix (m-state) side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. In addition to its ADP:ATP antiporter activity, also involved in mitochondrial uncoupling and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) activity. Plays a role in mitochondrial uncoupling by acting as a proton transporter: proton transport uncouples the proton flows via the electron transport chain and ATP synthase to reduce the efficiency of ATP production and cause mitochondrial thermogenesis. Proton transporter activity is inhibited by ADP:ATP antiporter activity, suggesting that SLC25A4/ANT1 acts as a master regulator of mitochondrial energy output by maintaining a delicate balance between ATP production (ADP:ATP antiporter activity) and thermogenesis (proton transporter activity). Proton transporter activity requires free fatty acids as cofactor, but does not transport it. Also plays a key role in mPTP opening, a non-specific pore that enables free passage of the mitochondrial membranes to solutes of up to 1.5 kDa, and which contributes to cell death. It is however unclear if SLC25A4/ANT1 constitutes a pore-forming component of mPTP or regulates it. Acts as a regulator of mitophagy independently of ADP:ATP antiporter activity: promotes mitophagy via interaction with TIMM44, leading to inhibit the presequence translocase TIMM23, thereby promoting stabilization of PINK1. |
| Protein Name | Adp/Atp Translocase 1Adp -Atp Carrier Protein 1Adp -Atp Carrier Protein - Heart/Skeletal Muscle Isoform T1Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1Ant 1Solute Carrier Family 25 Member 4 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-1268020Reactome: R-HSA-166187Reactome: R-HSA-180897Reactome: R-HSA-83936 |
| Cellular Localisation | Mitochondrion Inner MembraneMulti-Pass Membrane ProteinMembraneThe Complex Formed With Arl2bpArl2 And Slc25a4/Ant1 Is Expressed In MitochondriaMay Localize To Non-Mitochondrial Membranes |
| Alternative Protein Names | Adp/Atp Translocase 1 proteinAdp -Atp Carrier Protein 1 proteinAdp -Atp Carrier Protein - Heart/Skeletal Muscle Isoform T1 proteinAdenine Nucleotide Translocator 1 proteinAnt 1 proteinSolute Carrier Family 25 Member 4 proteinSLC25A4 proteinAAC1 proteinANT1 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
