| Post Translational Modifications | Several charge isomers of MBP.C1 (the most cationic, least modified, and most abundant form), C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8-A and C8-B (the least cationic form).are produced as a result of optional PTM, such as phosphorylation, deamidation of glutamine or asparagine, arginine citrullination and methylation. C8-A and C8-B contain each two mass isoforms termed C8-A(H), C8-A(L), C8-B(H) and C8-B(L), (H) standing for higher and (L) for lower molecular weight. C3, C4 and C5 are phosphorylated. The ratio of methylated arginine residues decreases during aging, making the protein more cationic. The N-terminal alanine is acetylated (isoform 3, isoform 4, isoform 5 and isoform 6). Arg-241 was found to be 6% monomethylated and 60% symmetrically dimethylated. Proteolytically cleaved in B cell lysosomes by cathepsin CTSG which degrades the major immunogenic MBP epitope and prevents the activation of MBP-specific autoreactive T cells. Phosphorylated by TAOK2, VRK2, MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK14 and MINK1. |
| Function | The classic group of MBP isoforms (isoform 4-isoform 14) are with PLP the most abundant protein components of the myelin membrane in the CNS. They have a role in both its formation and stabilization. The smaller isoforms might have an important role in remyelination of denuded axons in multiple sclerosis. The non-classic group of MBP isoforms (isoform 1-isoform 3/Golli-MBPs) may preferentially have a role in the early developing brain long before myelination, maybe as components of transcriptional complexes, and may also be involved in signaling pathways in T-cells and neural cells. Differential splicing events combined with optional post-translational modifications give a wide spectrum of isomers, with each of them potentially having a specialized function. Induces T-cell proliferation. |
| Protein Name | Myelin Basic ProteinMbpMyelin A1 ProteinMyelin Membrane Encephalitogenic Protein |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-9619665 |
| Cellular Localisation | Myelin MembranePeripheral Membrane ProteinCytoplasmic SideCytoplasmic Side Of MyelinIsoform 3: NucleusTargeted To Nucleus In Oligodendrocytes |
| Alternative Protein Names | Myelin Basic Protein proteinMbp proteinMyelin A1 Protein proteinMyelin Membrane Encephalitogenic Protein proteinMBP protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
