| Post Translational Modifications | Phosphorylated by PLK1 in vitro. Hyperphosphorylated during the G2 phase of the cell cycle. Phosphorylation at Thr-373 occurs during the G2/M phase, relieves its auto-inhibition status and stimulates its GEF activity. Phosphorylation at Thr-444 in G2/M phase is required for subsequent binding with PLK1 and Rho exchange activation. Dephosphorylated at the time of cytokinesis. Phosphorylation at Thr-359 is required for its transformation activity in cancer cells. |
| Function | Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that catalyzes the exchange of GDP for GTP. Promotes guanine nucleotide exchange on the Rho family members of small GTPases, like RHOA, RHOC, RAC1 and CDC42. Required for signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of cytokinesis. Component of the centralspindlin complex that serves as a microtubule-dependent and Rho-mediated signaling required for the myosin contractile ring formation during the cell cycle cytokinesis. Regulates the translocation of RHOA from the central spindle to the equatorial region. Plays a role in the control of mitotic spindle assembly.regulates the activation of CDC42 in metaphase for the process of spindle fibers attachment to kinetochores before chromosome congression. Involved in the regulation of epithelial cell polarity.participates in the formation of epithelial tight junctions in a polarity complex PARD3-PARD6-protein kinase PRKCQ-dependent manner. Plays a role in the regulation of neurite outgrowth. Inhibits phenobarbital (PB)-induced NR1I3 nuclear translocation. Stimulates the activity of RAC1 through its association with the oncogenic PARD6A-PRKCI complex in cancer cells, thereby acting to coordinately drive tumor cell proliferation and invasion. Also stimulates genotoxic stress-induced RHOB activity in breast cancer cells leading to their cell death. |
| Protein Name | Protein Ect2Epithelial Cell-Transforming Sequence 2 Oncogene |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-193648Reactome: R-HSA-416482Reactome: R-HSA-8980692Reactome: R-HSA-9013026Reactome: R-HSA-9013148Reactome: R-HSA-9013149 |
| Cellular Localisation | NucleusCytoplasmCytoskeletonSpindleCleavage FurrowMidbodyCell JunctionTight JunctionMicrotubule Organizing CenterCentrosomeSequestered Within The Nucleus During InterphaseDispersed Throughout The Cytoplasm Upon Breakdown Of The Nuclear Envelope During MitosisColocalizes With The Centralspindlin Complex To The Mitotic Spindles During Anaphase/MetaphaseThe Cleavage Furrow During Telophase And At The Midbody At The End Of CytokinesisColocalized With Rhoa At The MidbodyIts Subcellular Localization To Tight Junction Is Increased By Calcium |
| Alternative Protein Names | Protein Ect2 proteinEpithelial Cell-Transforming Sequence 2 Oncogene proteinECT2 protein |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
