| Applications: |
ELISA |
| Reactivity: |
Human |
| Note: |
FOR SCIENTIFIC EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH USE ONLY (RUO). MUST NOT BE USED IN DIAGNOSTIC OR OTHER MEDICAL APPLICATIONS. |
| Sensitivity: |
14.06ng/mL |
| Detection Limit: |
23.44~1500ng/mL |
| Short Description: |
This APOE Sandwich ELISA is an in-vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the measurement of samples in human cell culture supernatant, serum and plasma (EDTA, citrate, heparin). |
| Storage Instruction: |
If unopened the kit may be stored at 2-8°C for up to 1 month. If the kit will not be used within 1 month, store the components separately, according to the component table in the manual. |
| Assay Time: |
3.5h |
| Detection: |
Colormetric |
| Gene Symbol: |
APOE |
| Gene ID: |
348 |
| Uniprot ID: |
APOE_HUMAN |
| Specificity: |
This kit recognizes Human ApoE in samples. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human ApoE and analogues was observed. |
| Sample Type: |
Serum, plasma and other biological fluids |
| Post Translational Modifications | APOE exists as multiple glycosylated and sialylated glycoforms within cells and in plasma. The extent of glycosylation and sialylation are tissue and context specific. Plasma APOE undergoes desialylation and is less glycosylated and sialylated than the cellular form. Glycosylation is not required for proper expression and secretion. O-glycosylated with core 1 or possibly core 8 glycans. Thr-307 and Ser-314 are minor glycosylation sites compared to Ser-308. Glycated in plasma VLDL of normal subjects, and of hyperglycemic diabetic patients at a higher level (2-3 fold). Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium. Undergoes C-terminal proteolytic processing in neurons. C-terminally truncated APOE has a tendency to form neurotoxic intracellular neurofibrillary tangle-like inclusions in neurons. |
| Function | APOE is an apolipoprotein, a protein associating with lipid particles, that mainly functions in lipoprotein-mediated lipid transport between organs via the plasma and interstitial fluids. APOE is a core component of plasma lipoproteins and is involved in their production, conversion and clearance. Apolipoproteins are amphipathic molecules that interact both with lipids of the lipoprotein particle core and the aqueous environment of the plasma. As such, APOE associates with chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and intermediate density lipoproteins (IDL) but shows a preferential binding to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It also binds a wide range of cellular receptors including the LDL receptor/LDLR, the LDL receptor-related proteins LRP1, LRP2 and LRP8 and the very low-density lipoprotein receptor/VLDLR that mediate the cellular uptake of the APOE-containing lipoprotein particles. Finally, APOE has also a heparin-binding activity and binds heparan-sulfate proteoglycans on the surface of cells, a property that supports the capture and the receptor-mediated uptake of APOE-containing lipoproteins by cells. A main function of APOE is to mediate lipoprotein clearance through the uptake of chylomicrons, VLDLs, and HDLs by hepatocytes. APOE is also involved in the biosynthesis by the liver of VLDLs as well as their uptake by peripheral tissues ensuring the delivery of triglycerides and energy storage in muscle, heart and adipose tissues. By participating in the lipoprotein-mediated distribution of lipids among tissues, APOE plays a critical role in plasma and tissues lipid homeostasis. APOE is also involved in two steps of reverse cholesterol transport, the HDLs-mediated transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver, and thereby plays an important role in cholesterol homeostasis. First, it is functionally associated with ABCA1 in the biogenesis of HDLs in tissues. Second, it is enriched in circulating HDLs and mediates their uptake by hepatocytes. APOE also plays an important role in lipid transport in the central nervous system, regulating neuron survival and sprouting. APOE is also involved in innate and adaptive immune responses, controlling for instance the survival of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Binds to the immune cell receptor LILRB4. APOE may also play a role in transcription regulation through a receptor-dependent and cholesterol-independent mechanism, that activates MAP3K12 and a non-canonical MAPK signal transduction pathway that results in enhanced AP-1-mediated transcription of APP. (Microbial infection) Through its interaction with HCV envelope glycoprotein E2, participates in the attachment of HCV to HSPGs and other receptors (LDLr, VLDLr, and SR-B1) on the cell surface and to the assembly, maturation and infectivity of HCV viral particles. This interaction is probably promoted via the up-regulation of cellular autophagy by the virus. |
| Protein Name | Apolipoprotein EApo-E |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-1251985Reactome: R-HSA-3000480Reactome: R-HSA-381426Reactome: R-HSA-8864260Reactome: R-HSA-8957275Reactome: R-HSA-8963888Reactome: R-HSA-8963901Reactome: R-HSA-8964026Reactome: R-HSA-8964058Reactome: R-HSA-9029569Reactome: R-HSA-975634Reactome: R-HSA-977225 |
| Cellular Localisation | SecretedExtracellular SpaceExtracellular MatrixExtracellular VesicleEndosomeMultivesicular BodyIn The PlasmaApoe Is Associated With ChylomicronsChylomicrons RemnantsVldlLdl And Hdl LipoproteinsLipid Poor Oligomeric Apoe Is Associated With The Extracellular Matrix In A Calcium- And Heparan-Sulfate Proteoglycans-Dependent MannerLipidation Induces The Release From The Extracellular MatrixColocalizes With Cd63 And Pmel At Exosomes And In Intraluminal Vesicles Within Multivesicular Endosomes |
| Alternative ELISA Names | Apolipoprotein E ELISA kitApo-E ELISA kitAPOE ELISA kit |
| Specificity | This kit recognizes Human ApoE in samples. No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Human ApoE and analogues was observed. |
| Reproducibility | Both intra-CV and inter-CV are |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
| Item | Specifications | Storage |
| Micro ELISA Plate (Dismountable) | 96T: 8 wells ×12 strips strips | -20℃, 6 months |
| Reference Standard | 96T: 2 vials 48T: 1 vial | -20℃, 6 months |
| Concentrated Biotinylated Detection Ab (100×) | 96T: 1 vial, 120 μL 60 μL | -20℃, 6 months |
| Concentrated HRP Conjugate (100×) | 96T: 1 vial, 120 μL 60 μL | -20℃ (Protect from light), 6 months |
| Reference Standard & Sample Diluent | 1 vial, 20 mL | 2-8°C, 6 months |
| Biotinylated Detection Ab Diluent | 1 vial, 14 mL | 2-8°C, 6 months |
| HRP Conjugate Diluent | 1 vial, 14 mL | 2-8°C, 6 months |
| Concentrated Wash Buffer (25×) | 1 vial, 30 mL | 2-8°C, 6 months |
| Substrate Reagent | 1 vial, 10 mL | 2-8℃ (Protect from light) |
| Stop Solution | 1 vial, 10 mL | 2-8°C |
| Plate Sealer | 5 pieces | |
| Manual | 1 copy | |
| Certificate of Analysis | 1 copy | |
| Sample Type | Range (%) | Average Recovery (%) |
| Serum(n=8) | 93-109 | 101 |
| EDTA plasma (n=8) | 95-107 | 102 |
| Cell culture media (n=8) | 90-105 | 97 |
| | Intra-assay Precision | Intra-assay Precision | Intra-assay Precision | Inter-assay Precision | Inter-assay Precision | Inter-assay Precision |
| Sample | 1.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 |
| n | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 | 20.00 |
| Mean (ng/mL) | 80.40 | 156.20 | 548.40 | 77.00 | 169.10 | 518.60 |
| Standard deviation | 5.00 | 7.30 | 25.80 | 5.20 | 7.80 | 28.00 |
| CV (%) | 6.22 | 4.67 | 4.70 | 6.75 | 4.61 | 5.40 |
12 months for antibodies. 6 months for ELISA Kits. Please see website T&Cs for further guidance
