| Tissue Specificity | Expressed in neuronal and neuroendocrine tissues. Detected in central and peripheral nervous system in particular in axonal and dendritic processes in dopaminergic cells of substantia nigra, histaminergic neuronal cell bodies of substantia nigra and tuberomammillary nucleus, in ganglion cells of sympathetic glia and in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals in stomach and duodenum (at protein level). Highly expressed in chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and histamine-storing enterochromaffin-like cells of oxyntic mucosa (at protein level). |
| Function | Electrogenic antiporter that exchanges one cationic monoamine with two intravesicular protons across the membrane of secretory and synaptic vesicles. Uses the electrochemical proton gradient established by the V-type proton-pump ATPase to accumulate high concentrations of monoamines inside the vesicles prior to their release via exocytosis. Transports a variety of catecholamines such as dopamine, adrenaline and noradrenaline, histamine, and indolamines such as serotonin. Regulates the transvesicular monoaminergic gradient that determines the quantal size. Mediates somatodendritic dopamine release in hippocampal neurons, likely as part of a regulated secretory pathway that integrates retrograde synaptic signals. Acts as a primary transporter for striatal dopamine loading ensuring impulse-dependent release of dopamine at the synaptic cleft. Responsible for histamine and serotonin storage and subsequent corelease from mast cell granules. |
| Protein Name | Synaptic Vesicular Amine TransporterSolute Carrier Family 18 Member 2Vesicular Amine Transporter 2Vat2Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-181429Reactome: R-HSA-181430Reactome: R-HSA-212676Reactome: R-HSA-442660 |
| Cellular Localisation | Cytoplasmic VesicleSecretory VesicleSynaptic Vesicle MembraneMulti-Pass Membrane ProteinSecretory Vesicle MembraneCell ProjectionAxonDendriteSorted To Large Dense Core Granules In Neuroendocrine CellsPresumably At The Level Of The Trans-Golgi NetworkIn Neurons It Is Predominantly Detected In Somatodendritic Tubulovesicular MembranesA Distinct Population Of Secretory Vesicles That Undergo Calcium-Dependent Exocytosis In Axons And Dendrites Upon DepolarizationLocalized At Synaptic Vesicles In Axons |
| Alternative Antibody Names | Anti-Synaptic Vesicular Amine Transporter antibodyAnti-Solute Carrier Family 18 Member 2 antibodyAnti-Vesicular Amine Transporter 2 antibodyAnti-Vat2 antibodyAnti-Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 antibodyAnti-SLC18A2 antibodyAnti-SVMT antibodyAnti-VMAT2 antibody |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
