| Host: |
Rabbit |
| Applications: |
IHC/IF |
| Reactivity: |
Human/Mouse/Rat |
| Note: |
STRICTLY FOR FURTHER SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH USE ONLY (RUO). MUST NOT TO BE USED IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS. |
| Short Description: |
Rabbit polyclonal antibody anti-Interferon-Induced-Double-Stranded Rna-Activated Protein Kinase (350-551) is suitable for use in Immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence research applications. |
| Clonality: |
Polyclonal |
| Conjugation: |
Unconjugated |
| Isotype: |
IgG |
| Formulation: |
PBS with 0.05% Proclin300, 50% Glycerol, pH7.3. |
| Purification: |
Affinity purification |
| Dilution Range: |
IHC-P 1:50-1:200IF/ICC 1:50-1:200 |
| Storage Instruction: |
Store at-20°C for up to 1 year from the date of receipt, and avoid repeat freeze-thaw cycles. |
| Gene Symbol: |
EIF2AK2 |
| Gene ID: |
5610 |
| Uniprot ID: |
E2AK2_HUMAN |
| Immunogen Region: |
350-551 |
| Immunogen: |
Recombinant fusion protein containing a sequence corresponding to amino acids 350-551 of human PKR (NP_002750.1). |
| Immunogen Sequence: |
NSKNSSRSKTKCLFIQMEFC DKGTLEQWIEKRRGEKLDKV LALELFEQITKGVDYIHSKK LIHRDLKPSNIFLVDTKQVK IGDFGLVTSLKNDGKRTRSK GTLRYMSPEQISSQDYGKEV DLYALGLILAELLHVCDTAF ETSKFFTDLRDGIISDIFDK KEKTLLQKLLSKKPEDRPNT SEILRTLTVWKKSPEKNERH TC |
| Tissue Specificity | Highly expressed in thymus, spleen and bone marrow compared to non-hematopoietic tissues such as small intestine, liver, or kidney tissues. Colocalizes with GSK3B and TAU in the Alzheimer disease (AD) brain. Elevated levels seen in breast and colon carcinomas, and which correlates with tumor progression and invasiveness or risk of progression. |
| Post Translational Modifications | Autophosphorylated on several Ser, Thr and Tyr residues. Autophosphorylation of Thr-451 is dependent on Thr-446 and is stimulated by dsRNA binding and dimerization. Autophosphorylation apparently leads to the activation of the kinase. Tyrosine autophosphorylation is essential for efficient dsRNA-binding, dimerization, and kinase activation. |
| Function | IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) and plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection. Inhibits viral replication via the integrated stress response (ISR): EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation in response to viral infection converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, resulting to a shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4. Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1). Also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation: phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11. In addition to serine/threonine-protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at 'Tyr-4' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF-kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFNs. Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6. Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP). Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at 'Ser-312' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2). Can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes. Plays a role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton by binding to gelsolin (GSN), sequestering the protein in an inactive conformation away from actin. |
| Protein Name | Interferon-Induced - Double-Stranded Rna-Activated Protein KinaseEukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2-Alpha Kinase 2Eif-2a Protein Kinase 2Interferon-Inducible Rna-Dependent Protein KinaseP1/Eif-2a Protein KinaseProtein Kinase Rna-ActivatedPkrProtein Kinase RTyrosine-Protein Kinase Eif2ak2P68 Kinase |
| Database Links | Reactome: R-HSA-1169408Reactome: R-HSA-169131Reactome: R-HSA-909733 |
| Cellular Localisation | CytoplasmNucleusPerinuclear RegionNuclear Localization Is Elevated In Acute LeukemiaMyelodysplastic Syndrome (Mds)MelanomaBreastColonProstate And Lung Cancer Patient Samples Or Cell Lines As Well As Neurocytes From Advanced Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Patients |
| Alternative Antibody Names | Anti-Interferon-Induced - Double-Stranded Rna-Activated Protein Kinase antibodyAnti-Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2-Alpha Kinase 2 antibodyAnti-Eif-2a Protein Kinase 2 antibodyAnti-Interferon-Inducible Rna-Dependent Protein Kinase antibodyAnti-P1/Eif-2a Protein Kinase antibodyAnti-Protein Kinase Rna-Activated antibodyAnti-Pkr antibodyAnti-Protein Kinase R antibodyAnti-Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Eif2ak2 antibodyAnti-P68 Kinase antibodyAnti-EIF2AK2 antibodyAnti-PKR antibodyAnti-PRKR antibody |
Information sourced from Uniprot.org
12 months for antibodies. 6 months for ELISA Kits. Please see website T&Cs for further guidance
